Mycoplasma Genitalium (Mgen): Symptoms, Testing, and Treatment

Mycoplasma genitalium is not classified as a urinary tract infection (UTI), although it can cause similar symptoms such as burning during urination. It is a sexually transmitted infection (STI) that affects the urinary and reproductive tracts. Unlike typical UTIs caused by bacteria such as E. coli, Mgen is transmitted through sexual contact and requires specific testing for diagnosis. If you experience urinary symptoms, it is advisable to consult a doctor for evaluation.

There is no single best treatment for Mycoplasma genitalium, as antibiotic resistance differs between strains. Management typically involves one or more antibiotics chosen based on resistance testing and treatment response. Completing the full course of medication and returning for follow-up testing are important to ensure the infection has cleared. If you are experiencing symptoms or suspect Mgen infection, it is advisable to consult a doctor for proper diagnosis and care.

Mycoplasma genitalium is similar to chlamydia in that both are sexually transmitted bacterial infections that can cause genital discharge, pelvic pain, and burning during urination. However, Mgen lacks a cell wall, making it naturally resistant to some antibiotics used for chlamydia. Both infections can lead to complications such as pelvic inflammatory disease if untreated. If you suspect either condition, it is best to seek medical assessment and testing.

Mycoplasma genitalium can become serious if left untreated, as it may cause inflammation, infertility, and other reproductive complications. In women, it is linked to pelvic inflammatory disease and fallopian tube damage, while in men it may lead to urethritis or testicular inflammation. Although often mild or symptom-free, untreated infection can persist and spread. It is advisable to seek medical care if you experience related symptoms or potential exposure.

Individuals who are sexually active with multiple partners or who engage in unprotected sex are at higher risk of Mgen infection. Those with a history of other sexually transmitted infections are also more likely to be affected. Because Mgen often causes no symptoms, regular screening is important for anyone with potential exposure. If you are sexually active and uncertain about your risk, it is best to discuss testing with your doctor.

If left untreated, Mycoplasma genitalium can persist and lead to complications such as inflammation of the urethra in men and pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) or infertility in women. It may also increase the risk of ectopic pregnancy and chronic pelvic pain. Even without symptoms, untreated infection can spread to sexual partners. If you suspect exposure or have persistent symptoms, it is advisable to seek medical evaluation.

Mycoplasma genitalium is triggered by exposure to the bacterium through unprotected sexual activity with an infected partner. It is transmitted via genital fluids during vaginal, anal, or oral sex. The infection itself is not caused by hygiene, diet, or general health factors. Because many people carry Mgen without symptoms, routine STI screening plays an important role in identifying and managing infection early.

Early symptoms of Mycoplasma genitalium can include pain or burning when urinating, abnormal genital discharge, or pelvic discomfort, though many people remain symptom-free. In women, symptoms may also involve bleeding between periods or after sex. As these signs overlap with other STIs like chlamydia or gonorrhoea, proper testing is required for accurate diagnosis. If you experience such symptoms, it is advisable to consult your doctor.

Testing positive for Mycoplasma genitalium means the bacterium is present in your genital or urinary tract and requires antibiotic treatment. As antibiotic resistance is becoming more common, your treatment plan may be adjusted based on resistance testing or how well you respond to medication. Sexual partners may also be advised to undergo testing and treatment to prevent reinfection. Always follow your doctor's guidance on completing treatment and attending follow-up testing.